Almost all Iranians respect the principle of modesty in the Islamic religion. A critical literature review, Public mental health promotion, meaning-making and existential meaning: Challenges for person-centered care of refugees in a secular, pluralistic context, Religious involvement and subjective well-being, Religion and health among black and white adults: Examining social support and consolation, Why me? The primary beverage is black tea. Montazeri et al. The study highlights the importance of investigating cultural and social context when exploring the use of the meaning-making coping strategies in different countries. I always went to pilgrims when I was under chemotherapy. Ultimately, the interview questions were modified to ensure that they were culturally adapted to an Iranian-Islamic context. We found two patterns. Here the concept of savab (reward) comes into the picture. Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. 5 Spiritual Practices That Increase Well-Being. The Middle East consists of . One of the methods in this category is Benevolent Religious Reappraisal: using religion to redefine the stressor as benevolent and potentially beneficial. They are also sometimes taught early that the protection of family honour also resides with them. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Religion, culture and illness: a sociological study on religious coping in Iran, Department of Social Work and Psychology, University of Gvle, Gvle, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Nursing, Khoy Medical Sciences Faculty, Urmia Medical Sciences University, Khoy, Iran, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Swedish Agency for Work Environment Knowledge, Gvle, Sweden, Initial development of the Iranian Religious Coping Scale, Non-Hajj pilgrimage in Islam: A neglected dimension of religious circulation, A contrastive study of Arabic and Persian formulas against the evil eye used by women, Does being religious help or hinder coping with chronic illness? We found two patterns. The individual derives a social network and assistance in times of need from the family. Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog? Iranian women have traditionally been some of the most liberal in their interpretation of the hijab, often wearing a shayla significantly looser than what is customary in most other Muslim cultures. Figure 1, presented by Ahmadi and Ahmadi (Citation2018), depicts the relation between religious, spiritual and secular existential coping observed in our project. period allows for non-family members to visit and offer their condolences. (53-year-old female), Hand in hand with God, we walked together on this path. T raditionally Iranian culture has been patriarchal with the father or the husband at the head of the family and household. Religious purification refers to a search for spiritual cleansing through religious actions. Children are not necessarily expected to go into their parents profession, but are urged to follow their passion. The participants were recruited through a number of cancer treatment and rehabilitation centres in Tehran. I didnt sit on the bed and pray God save me, God, make me well, God, why dont you make me well?I was convinced I should take ten steps to answer one step in response, therefore I said to myself that I should rely on myself and only myself in this world. In an effort to study from a sociological perspective more closely the role of culture in cancer patients meaning-making coping methods, an international project has been conducted in 10 countries (Sweden, South Korea, China, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Portugal, Brazil, Turkey and Iran). However, the interviews had different reasons for practicing such habits. Moreover, it was explained to all potential informants that the research is part of an international study aimed at identifying the strategies patients use to cope with their illness; participation was voluntary; participants could withdraw at any time or from any part of the research without any consequences for themselves; the data are kept confidential; and the research reports have been presented and published without mentioning the participants name or representative characteristics. People generally had more the freedom of choice and expression over, for example, whether they wished to pray or wear a hijab. First, we will explain our view of the relation between culture, religion and coping. This being the case, ziyarat is considered a solution for connecting to the divine sources of blessing. For example, the younger Iranian generation generally do not feel the need to stringently apply the honour code and will often hide certain shameful actions they consider reasonable from the older generations, who might be deeply offended by such behaviours. For example, at one point, all music and dancing were banned and Iranians had to carefully hide the activities they loved underground. Someone who is a theologian is presumed to have the moral high ground and power in decision-making, gaining them a lot of respect. . Conceptualisations of cheshm eye (in Persian), Psychological effects of ziyarat on mental health and life of human, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology. Being Muslim and professing the prophecy of Muhammad is not enough for salvation in the absence of believing in Shia Imams (Khoshkjan Citation2016, p. 3). According to the scripture, there should be a partition (hijab) between men and women that are not related (non-mahram). This test is Gods message to remind us not to turn our back to Him. 6. We pay our respects to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander custodians past, present and emerging. This changed as the Islamic Republic legally enforced the separation of genders and placed extreme restrictions on women. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. The Five Key Religious Functions that constitute the basis of RCOPE were used to categorise these methods. Couples tend to only have one to two children. We all have cultural values. The eye is a pragmatic element in both cultures. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia! DEFINITION AND BACKGROUND. One of the most notable characteristics of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge. Completely surrounded by God, I put myself and my destiny in His hands. Mixing of males and females only really occurs within families or closely knit circles of friends. between religion, personal values or beliefs, and a professional clinical judgement. In an interview with the Trauma and Mental Health Report (translated, Farsi to English), Hamed Rajabi, director of A Minor Leap Down, explains: This social system is only concerned with how people work and perform, and when that performance is lowered, their behavior is instantly condemned.. We will try by sociologically analyzing the results, to discuss the role of cultural beliefs in coping. Health (2 days ago) WebThe Mexicans truly believe that unity is strength. Healthcare in Iran is based on three pillars: the public-governmental system, the private sector, and NGOs. Culture impacts the way a person views life, values, social norms, and other aspects that constitute daily life, including health and diseases. Mexicans are very Iranians often like to consider themselves as having a cultured yet rebellious and revolutionary identity as a people. My destiny and life are in His hands and I accept whatever He decides for me. He was married to a Persian princess. All research groups checked all interview drafts and verified all codes and categorizations. The most beloved Imam among Iranians is Imam Reza, whose tomb is in Iran. Culture, a socially transmitted system of shared knowledge, beliefs and/or practices that varies across groups, and individuals within those groups, has been a critical mode of adaptation throughout the history of our species [].Socioeconomic status, gender, religion and moral values all play into how . Role of Father: In traditional families, the father is the head of the household. . As Corbin (Citation1964/Citation1993, p. 4) mentions, in Islam there is no clergy which possesses the means of grace. Islam has neither a dogmatic magisterium, nor a council which has the task of defining dogma. Iran has been swift and forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas. perceived severity. Thus, the belief system, ways of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly culturally constructed. Many Iranians have misgivings about the politicisation of Islam. Method In a qualitative content analysis approach, we searched for the factors promoting spirituality among a selection . If something is going to happen, God knows and writes. The overall international project has focused on studying these three main meaning-making coping methods and how culture may affect use of these methods. Conflict related to cultural beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life change. Individuals' families also play a role in the way health is perceived. The notion that illness is a test imposed on us by God is an old one. It would seem reasonable to assume that religion is more accessible to individuals whose orientation system is greatly marked by religion. However, as men dominate the public sphere and hold more decision-making power, womens authority is mostly limited to the domestic space. All people may gain the prestige of a familys success or bear the responsibility for a familys dishonour. The cultural interpretation of the religion has been traditionally open-minded, making allowances for liberal behaviour and improvements in womens rights. I definitively believe that pilgrims or using holy water or sanctified objects have a positive effect on curing the disease. Iranians can often recount the countrys legacy and heritage in great detail. Culture influences the health comprehension, treatment options, and diagnostic claims of an individual. I knew that I would win if I only relied on myself. (p. 138). One usually turns immediately to family for assistance and may tell their problems and issues only to their family members. The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran mandates that the official religion of Iran is Shia Islam practiced according to the Twelver Jafari school. Christians are the largest minority religion population, at 2,50,000 to 3,70,000. Vegetables are central to the Iranian diet, with onions an ingredient of virtually every dish. Show abstract. The Persians were only one of these tribes who settled in the territory of Persis (also Parsa, modern-day Fars) which would give them their name. Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? I think one thing that helped me was to walk this path alone. Broadly, one could make the distinction that the educated of society are more liberal whilst those in rural areas are generally more conservative. Herding has long been a traditional part of the economy, and dairy productsmilk, cheese, and particularly yogurtare common ingredients in Persian dishes. The informants had various types of cancer; their stage of cancer varied from the earliest to palliative care and survivors. We pay our respects to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander custodians past, present and emerging. Ceremonies for weddings in Iran has different sections; proposal, Bale Boroon, Hana Bandan, the wedding day, Pagosha, and honeymoon are a happy part of Iranian Culture. The criteria suggested by Lincoln and Guba (Citation1985) were utilised in the current research to ensure trustworthiness. Cultural family values normalizing child marriage. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. The interviews were conducted from November 2017 through December 2017, and the transcription process was completed by February 2018. Food in daily Life: Iranians have a healthy diet centered on fresh fruits, greens and vegetables. The history of the Italian people, their . Those families that have connections with the government are sometimes afforded latitude to deviate from strict rules, or they may receive more lenient consequences for their actions. It is worth noting that all interviews were conducted and audio-recorded upon obtaining informed consent from the informants. We found that some interviewees, in trying to achieve comfort and cope with the stressor of cancer, used this method. Get the help you need from a therapist near youa FREE service from Psychology Today. In the current article, we present the results from our study in Iran, which looks at religious coping methods from a cultural perspective. 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Are consenting to our use of cookies their thirst for knowledge constitute the basis of RCOPE were used to these. Highlights the importance of investigating cultural and social context when exploring the use of most! In the iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare Republic legally enforced the separation of genders and placed restrictions... Of father: in traditional families, the private sector, and acts on a daily.... For liberal behaviour and improvements in womens rights system, ways of thinking and lifestyle of an individual chiefly... And cope with the stressor as Benevolent and potentially beneficial He decides for me council which has the of. Using religion to redefine the stressor as Benevolent and potentially beneficial the most important factors affecting the of... 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